JSWMC

Abstract:

Background:  Thalassemias and hemoglobinopathies are the most common inheritant hemolytic congenital disorders in Bangladesh.There is no well precise validated data available about the prevalence of Thalassaemia and related hemoglobin disorders in Bangladesh.

Method: This retrospective, cross-sectional observational study was carried out in Dr.Benzamin’s Pediatric Liver Research Centre and Nutrition Clinic, Sylhet, Bangladesh. We reviewed the data record software of the hematology section of the Popular Diagnostic Centre and Mount Adora Hospital, Sylhet, from March, 2022 to July, 2023 and collected all the Hemoglobin electrophoresis reports.A total of 783patients data were evaluated, and the data were entered into Microsoft Excel and analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 22. The aim of the study was to identify the pattern of Thalassemia and other Hemoglobinopathies in Sylhet, Bangladesh.

Result: Out of 783 patients, 291(37.2%) were male, 492 (62.8%) female, pediatric population that is under 18 years 387 (44.4%) and 18 years or more 396(50.6%). Among these, 262 (33.46%) reports showed Hemoglobinopathies. Before 6 months, 10 patients were advised for Hb electrophoresis. Overall, in study population, most common hemoglobinopathies were Beta thalassemia trait (118, 15.1%), followed by Hb E trait (45, 11.6%), Hb E Beta thalassemia (34, 4.43%), Beta thalassemia major (8, 0.9%). Same trend followed in pediatric age group, Beta thalassemia trait (53, 13.7%), Hb E tarit (84, 10.7%), Hb E Beta thalassemia (28,7.24%), Beta thalassemia major (8, 1.8 %). In adult age group, Beta thalassemia trait (65, 16.4%), Hb E tarit (39, 9.8%), Hb E Beta thalassemia (6, 1.5%%).

Conclusion: Hemoglobinopathies among the anaemic population of Sylhet is very common. Beta thalassaemia trait, Hb E tarit, Hb E Beta thalassemia, Beta thalassemia major are common variants. So, during anaemia evaluation, hemoglobinopathies should be kept in mind