DOI: https://doi.org/10.47648/jswmc2026v16-1-138
*Ferdoush N, Jahan R, Chowdhury MJ,Ahmed H, Ahmen T, Islam A
Abstract:
Background: Benzodiazepines (BZDs) are commonly prescribed for anxiety, insomnia, and other psychiatric conditions. However, misuse of BZDs has become a public health concern worldwide, including Bangladesh.
Objectives: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of BZD misuse and the level of awareness about its risks among adults in Sylhet city.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 320 adult participants in Sylhet city. Data were collected using structured questionnaires covering socio-demographic characteristics, sources of BZD acquisition, reasons and patterns of use, side effects, withdrawal symptoms, and awareness regarding BZD misuse. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were used to analyse the data.
Results: The study found that 39.06% of participants were male and 60.93% female, with the highest BZD use observed in the 39–48-year age group (33.12%). A significant proportion obtained BZDs from friends or family (35%), while 30.62% used prescription drugs. The most common reasons for use were insomnia (41.25%) and anxiety (32.81%). Clonazepam (54.68%) and diazepam (37.5%) were the predominant drugs used. Side effects such as sleepiness/fatigue (30%) and dizziness (27.5%) were commonly reported. Withdrawal symptoms, including anxiety, insomnia, and irritability, were also observed. Only 55.62% of participants were aware of BZD misuse, with addiction being the most recognized risk. Awareness varied significantly by sex and education level (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Benzodiazepine misuse is prevalent among adults in Sylhet city, with limited awareness regarding its risks. Targeted public health interventions, including awareness programs, stringent regulation of BZD distribution, and improved access to mental health services, are essential to reduce misuse and associated health consequences.